How Revenue-Based Repayment Works in Canadian Grant and Contribution Agreements

By GrantHub Research Team · · Lire en français

How Revenue-Based Repayment Works in Canadian Grant and Contribution Agreements

Some Canadian grants are not truly “free money.” Instead of fixed loan payments, they use revenue-based repayment. This means your repayments depend on your business revenue after the project ends. This structure is common in repayable contribution agreements used by federal and provincial programs that support growth, innovation, and commercialization.

Understanding revenue-based repayment helps you avoid cash flow surprises and decide if a repayable grant fits your business needs.


What Is Revenue-Based Repayment?

Revenue-based repayment (RBR) is a repayment model tied directly to your business revenue. You repay a percentage of eligible revenue once your business starts earning income after the funded project.

In Canada, RBR is most often used in repayable contribution agreements, not traditional bank loans. Government funding rules apply, not bank loan rules.

Key features include:

  • Payments adjust up or down with your revenue
  • Repayment usually starts after project completion, not during
  • Many programs set a maximum repayment cap. For example, FedDev Ontario’s repayable contributions typically cap repayment at the original contribution amount, though terms may vary by program. Always check your program’s terms.
  • If revenue is lower than expected, payments are lower—or sometimes deferred

How Revenue-Based Repayment Typically Works

Terms vary by program, but most Canadian revenue-based repayment agreements follow similar steps.

1. You Receive a Repayable Contribution

  • Funding is provided upfront or through milestone claims
  • The agreement clearly states the portion that is repayable
  • Repayment is not interest-based like a loan

2. A Revenue Threshold Is Set

Most agreements include:

  • A minimum revenue threshold before repayment starts
  • Only specific types of revenue count (for example, project-related or company-wide gross revenue)

If you do not meet the threshold in a given year, you may not owe a payment for that period.

3. Repayments Are Calculated as a Percentage of Revenue

Typical structures include:

  • A fixed percentage of annual gross revenue
  • Reporting periods that are annual, not monthly
  • Payments recalculated each year based on actual results

For example, if your agreement requires 3% of eligible revenue and your business earns $1,000,000 in a reporting year, your repayment would be $30,000 for that year.

4. Repayment Ends When the Obligation Is Met

Repayment usually stops when:

  • The full repayable amount has been paid (for example, up to the original contribution amount in programs like FedDev Ontario), or
  • The maximum repayment period expires (often 5–10 years, depending on the program)

Some agreements allow partial forgiveness if revenue targets are not met by the end of the term, but this depends entirely on the program terms.


Why Governments Use Revenue-Based Repayment

Revenue-based repayment helps reduce risk for growing businesses.

From the government’s perspective, it:

  • Recycles public funds for future projects
  • Aligns repayment with business success

For businesses, it:

  • Protects cash flow in low-revenue years
  • Avoids fixed debt obligations early on
  • Acts more like a growth partnership than a loan

GrantHub lists programs with revenue-based repayment options so you can see which ones fit your business profile.


Common Mistakes to Avoid

1. Assuming It Works Like a Loan

Revenue-based repayment is not interest-bearing debt. Payment timing and amounts depend on revenue, not a fixed schedule.

2. Misunderstanding What Counts as Revenue

Some agreements define revenue narrowly. Using the wrong figures can lead to compliance issues or audits.

3. Forgetting Reporting Obligations

Even if you owe nothing in a given year, you usually must still submit annual financial reports.

4. Ignoring the Long-Term Commitment

Repayment obligations can last many years. This matters if you plan to sell the business or raise investment.


How to Prepare for Revenue-Based Repayment

Before you apply for a Canadian program with revenue-based repayment, take these steps:

  • Review the repayment terms in detail. Look for caps, thresholds, and definitions of eligible revenue set by the program.
  • Plan your cash flow. Estimate how repayments might affect your finances in high and low revenue years.
  • Track your reporting requirements. Set reminders for annual financial submissions.
  • Consult your accountant or advisor. Make sure you understand how repayments will appear in your books.

GrantHub tracks hundreds of active grant and contribution programs across Canada—including which ones are repayable and how repayment works—so you can compare options before applying.


Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is revenue-based repayment the same as a loan?
No. It is a repayable contribution, not a commercial loan. There is usually no interest, and payments are tied to revenue performance rather than a fixed schedule.

Q: What happens if my business never becomes profitable?
Profit is not always the trigger—revenue is. If you never reach the required revenue thresholds, payments may be reduced or paused, depending on the agreement terms.

Q: Do I still have to report if I owe nothing?
Yes. Most contribution agreements require annual financial reporting even when no repayment is due.

Q: Can revenue-based repayment be renegotiated?
Generally no. Terms are set in the contribution agreement, although some programs allow amendments in exceptional circumstances.

Q: Will this affect my ability to get other funding?
It can. Investors and lenders often treat repayable contributions as quasi-debt, so disclosure is important.


  • Repayable vs Non-Repayable Business Funding in Canada: Program Examples Explained
  • How to Prepare Financial Statements for Grant Applications in Canada
  • Is the B.C. Employer Training Grant Repayable?

Next Steps

Revenue-based repayment can be a smart option if your business expects growth but needs flexibility in the early years. The key is knowing the terms before you apply and planning for long-term reporting and repayment. Use GrantHub’s eligibility matcher to filter programs by province and funding type, including those with repayable or revenue-based terms.


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